When on holiday in Hanoi, Vietnam, let your imagination guide you rather than your itinerary. History buffs will adore the city's many past lives. Hop onto a Vespa and spend a few days absorbing historical sites. The Tran Quoc Pagoda is said to offer the most astonishing sunsets in the world. The one pillared structure was built in the sixth century, and forms part of a Buddhist temple surrounded by watery landscaping. It houses a Bodhi tree that grew from a cutting taken from the original Indian tree under which Buddha attained enlightenment. The Vietnam Women’s Museum honours the contributions female citizens have made over time politically, ethnically and artistically. The city also has museums paying tribute to Hanoi's artistic, literary and military heritage. The Old Quarter has a 2000 year history which is beautifully demonstrated through its architecture. A walk through its bustling marketplaces, cafes and stalls is the ideal way to experience local gastronomy.  The Old Quarter has effortlessly linked the ancient and modern worlds through relics, art and cuisine, which are best observed at a lazy pace on foot. Participating in street trade places you in the midst of a tradition that has existed in this particular web of streets for a thousand years.

Hanoi's legends are as prominent as its real world history. The Hoan Kiem lake is home to a legend in which a turtle deity stole an emperor's enchanted sword. It was later reclaimed and used to defeat the Chinese Ming dynasty. Ironically, the lake is one of the few ecosystems supporting a critically endangered soft shell turtle species. Today, the lake attracts daily joggers, chess fiends and newlyweds seeking panoramic photographic backdrops.  Ha Long Bay is home to a legendary gathering of jewel-breathing dragons, which were sent by the gods to defend the land against invaders. Temples naturally attract a substantial number of legends, giving tours an element of enchantment. The Tower of Hanoi's legend tells of the temple's priests who were assigned a mathematical puzzle when time began. According to myth, when the puzzle was solved, the world would disappear. One of the most charming ways to learn about local legends is through the traditional art of Water Puppetry. These shows encourage the spirits to bring rich harvests. They depict short skits featuring dances by mythical creatures and tales of ancient village life. No holidays in Hanoi, Vietnam are complete without amusing encounters with this thousand year old tradition.

Hanoi, Vietnam holidays during the rainy seasons between January and September give travelers the opportunity to enjoy the atmospheric monsoons typical of the region. Between October and April, the arid season comes with cooler winter weather. Whilst summer and spring are the most dominant seasons, the transitional springs and autumns come with slight variations. Between February and April, the climate is a comfortable average of about 17 degrees Celsius. Naturalists are treated to lush landscapes and vibrant colors which form a vivid backdrop for the Tet festival. The beauty of autumn fills hotels in Hanoi, Vietnam with adoring couples seeking romantic backdrops for their personal love stories. Temperatures are slightly warmer between September and November, when Autumnal palettes paint the city in fiery oranges and yellows.

The most festive time to take a holiday in Hanoi, Vietnam is over the Tet holiday when the city becomes alive with festivities, food and sparkling lights. The lunar New Year brings streets to life, but it also draws hordes of visitors. Sedate travelers prefer to take a Hanoi, Vietnam holiday at any time except Tet, but travelers who are less easily intimidated love the electric atmosphere of the capital during February. This is the time to head to President Ho Chi Minh's Mausoleum and Ba Dinh Square, where decorations, performances and cultural displays are at their best. The Old quarter becomes filled with locals bustling between flower stalls in search of the perfect petals to decorate their homes with. Foodies adore the celebration for its amped up cuisine offerings at Hang Duong and Hang Buom.  An escape from the celebrations is best done in the company of Mother Nature, who demonstrates some of her finest creations at Van Long nature reserve. Overnight trips allow visitors to sleep under the canopy of the jungle. Bamboo boat tours let you explore the reserve, its primates and people. Hanoi, Vietnam hotels inside reserves give you a more luxurious way to enjoy the silence.

Hanoi's first world resorts, spas and hotels take autumnal romance to its greatest heights, which is only one of the reasons couples choose the capital as a wedding destination during its most beautiful season. The French architecture and cuisine contrast against the old and new world of Vietnam, creating the ultimate atmosphere for honeymooners. Patisseries, cafes and spas in the French Quarter offer all the first world luxury a couple could wish for in a village that is a sedate and welcome break from the usual bustle of the Old Quarter. Foodies in search of Michelin stars find their temptations in the capital, since it is renowned as Vietnam's finest gastronomical experience. Liquor, cakes and teas receive their flavour from blooms and spices. Jasmine, lotus and chrysanthemum offer delicate fragrances to Hanoian dishes.

Cooler temperatures and the absence of rain make winter the perfect season for staying at a Hanoi, Vietnam hotel close to the extreme natural landscapes of Pu Luong Nature Reserve. This highly diverse stretch links ethnic villages, rice paddies and cultural minorities with rocky pathways and mountain ranges. Fit travelers with a penchant for adventure will find ample extreme slopes to mountain bike across in the Mekong Delta. Those who prefer to tackle mountains on foot take on the slopes between Hin Village and Canh Nang Town. The Red River makes for cultural kayaking, taking you to several minority villages on a trip that can extend into weeks.

Summer's naked sun and electric storms create a milieu that seems to necessitate a level of luxury and proximity to the coast. When seeking a luxurious hotel Hanoi, Vietnam offers some of its finest high end accommodation at Halong Bay. Beach goers are naturally attracted to the islands along the bay, which offer many deserted stretches of pristine sand and coastline away from the bustling Bai Chay area. Sung Sot Cave transports travelers into a fantastical environment beneath the ground. A clear pond in the depths of the cave allow for kayaking and swimming in a mysterious 'royal garden.' .Those who are happiest beneath the sea will find some of the most teeming marine populations at Long Chau Island. A traditional Junk boat adds a dash of exoticism to undersea adventures.

Shows at this modern theatre are performed in a pool of water as the stage for the puppets. The puppets are controlled by no more than eight puppeteers hiding behind a bamboo screen. The renowned Thang Long Water Puppet show is considered to be one of the cultural highlights of Northern Vietnam dating back to a tradition that first started in the Red River Delta.

Today’s performances usually include a number of short sketches rather than one long story, taking the audience on a journey of ancient village life, agricultural harvests and dances of mythical creatures. Most shows also feature the famous Legend of the Restored Sword of King Le which tells the tale of Hoan Kiem Lake and the giant tortoise. The live music plays an integral part of the show with singers often shouting words of encouragement to the puppets.

Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Hanoi with tickets selling out well in advance so it’s worth booking yours as soon as you arrive in town. It is also advisable to pay more to get closer to the action as the theatre seats a few hundred people and the puppets are not that big. The theatre is modern and usually shows 17 short sketches over a one-hour performance.

Started in 1973, the construction of the mausoleum was modeled on Lenin's mausoleum in Russia and was first open to the public in 1975. The granite building meant a great deal for many locals as it ensures that their beloved leader ‘lives on forever’.

Security is tight and visitors should dress with respect (no shorts, sleeveless shirts and miniskirts) and everyone has to deposit their bags and cameras before getting in. Visitors are not allowed to stop and hold the constant queue up as the place is constantly busy. Uncle Ho’s remains are sent yearly to Russia for maintenance therefore the mausoleum is closed usually from October onwards. It’s best to recheck with your hotel tour desk before visiting. Admission is free but donations are accepted.

The entrance to the vast and mysterious Perfume Pagoda and Huong Tich Cave resembles that of an open dragon’s mouth and is decorated in ancient Chinese letters which translate to ‘first grade cave of the South World’, this writing dates back to 1770.

Inside the cave are many statues carved from green stone which decorate an intricate shrine, including one of Lord Buddha and another of the Buddhist goddess Quan Am. Smooth stalactites and stalagmites also fill the cave which are constantly touched by pilgrims believing them to deliver miracles and good luck. You will find the temple very cool inside and also very busy especially during the days of the Chua Huong festival which lasts from January to April.

It’s well worth taking time to stop and enjoy the view en-route to the temple as the scenery is very interesting, dotted with fruit trees including apricots and medicinal herbs grown by local farmers. Other temples to see within the complex include the Vong Temple, Thuyet Kinh Cave and Thien Son Pagoda.

The journey to the Perfume Pagoda is itself an interesting experience. Located about 60km southwest of Hanoi in the Huong Son Mountain range you will need to take a car for around two hours before boarding a wooden or iron boat to reach the temple complex.

The boat journeys down a narrow flowing steam fringed by rice fields, temples and grass and you will have the option to stop and visit some of these temples. However, if you are short of time its best to head straight to Huong Tich Cave. It’s an uphill walk to the Perfume Pagoda which will take around one hour and things can get slippery, so remember to bring walking shoes or boots.

Ngoc Son Temple was built in the 18th century on Jade Island in the centre of the ‘Lake of the Returned Sword’ or Hoan Kiem Lake. Legend describes how an emperor was once given a magical sword which helped him defeat the Chinese Ming Dynasty and in doing so saw the return of the Golden Turtle God to the lake.

Today ‘Turtle Tower’ stands close to the lake in memory of this legend. There are also endangered large soft-shell turtles swimming in the lake, and to see one of these gentle giants is considered very auspicious. The name of the temple translates to ‘Temple of the Jade Mountain’ and is predominately dedicated to war hero General Tran Hung Dao who defeated an armed force of 300,000 soldiers sent by Mongolian Emperor Kublai Khan in the 13th century to invade Vietnam.

Also inside the pagoda are a large bronze bust and other deities. There are altars dedicated to Tran Hung Dao, some ancient artefacts including ceramics and a preserved specimen of a giant turtle found in the lake weighing 250kg.

The lake and the temple offer plenty of trees and shaded spots in which to escape the busy city streets. To get there head towards the old town and the main post office which is located next to the lake. Tickets are purchased at a booth located on the left-hand side before you cross the bridge. The temple opens at 08:00 and closes at 17:00 every day and its best to get to the lake as early as possible to watch the locals do their morning yoga and Tai Chi. To get to the temple, walk across the flag-lined bright red Huc Bridge across to Jade Island.

Packed with charming colonial architecture, Buddhist temples and pagodas, the Old Quarter, located near Hoan Kiem Lake in Hoan Kiem District, is Hanoi’s major commercial district. Its heart and soul is exposed in the ancient commercial streets which are named after their original businesses dating back about 1,000 years. Though most of the specialties (cotton, jewellery, herbs, and silk) have changed over time and have been replaced with a variety of modern-day commodities and services, visitors can still appreciate some of the original goods as well as get a feel of rich old Vietnamese customs.

The preserved shop-houses that lie along these roads were built a little over a century ago and were constructed in their long and narrow style to avoid being hit by high taxes. Each has a street-facing façade and multiple courtyards inside. The front part of the buildings is where trading takes place while the family occupies the rest. Though one shop-house was meant to be for one family (with many generations in it), nowadays it is more common to see quite a few families jammed in under one roof. Expect to find plenty of hip café, bars, a variety of restaurants, bakeries, boutique shops and art galleries in this historical area.

Many of Hanoi’s major attractions are within or nearby the Old Quarter, including Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi Opera House, National Museum of Vietnamese History, Ba Dinh Square, a former Governor-General of French Indochina’s mansion, the One Pillar Pagoda, Bach Ma Temple, Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre and Dong Xuan, Hanoi’s largest market.

In Vietnam, French baguettes and coffee have something very much in common with pho rice noodles as the locals consume them in massive amounts daily, so they’re sold everywhere. Food choices in general are good and dishes come at cheap to affordable prices no matter where you prefer to dine.

When in the mood for the real deal (cha ca, banh goi and pho are among the top of the list) try out one of the many street stalls around the Old Quarter. You will be surprised by how delicious simple dishes taste.

Other parts of Hanoi might quiet down at night but the Old Quarter is where night owls head to. Live music, discos, clubs and bars as well as decent karaoke joints are the norm here.

Though the numbers might be limited compared to other large Asian cities, what’s on offer here is well enough to keep people from all walks of life happy and university students, office staff and expats are among the friendly crowds.

The Old Quarter is a shopper’s delight and houses artistic products from around the country, fashioned by many top artists and craftsmen. Popular items that make fine souvenirs include lacquer ware, silk products, embroidered fabrics and bags, conical hats, coffee beans and paintings.

Remember to negotiate with a smile when shopping in Vietnam (though goods here are already quoted at cheap to affordable prices) as shops and salespeople expect bargaining by customers. Don’t be shy.

Must-do number one in the Old Quarter is to have a look around this, the oldest neighborhood in the city. With a history dating back to about the 13th century, the vibe and energy here is definitely unique. Must-do number two is to stop by at any local tea and coffee café that provides chairs to sit outdoors (many times ‘outdoors’ here means sitting right on the sidewalk.) This is considered the best place to observe the world go by in the Old Quarter.

For those who love cooking and Vietnamese food, combine them together and learn from the professionals at one of the many culinary classes around.

Originally created as a hill station during the French Colonial era, Ba Vi National Park has always been an excellent source of medicinal plants for the Dao ethnic group. Walking and hiking opportunities are popular in this area of lush tropical foliage with plenty of forest trails and mountain slopes. In addition there is also a bird garden and an orchid garden, although the main attraction is the temple.

It takes about 30 minutes of hard climb to make it to the temple but you are additionally well rewarded with panoramic views of the Red River Valley and beyond. The outlook is best from April through to December when even Hanoi can be seen in the distance. The national park offers lodging at Tan Da Spa Resort where you can experience hot springs, mud baths, wet steam baths and herbal baths for individuals, couples or families. The resort is built in the style of an ancient palace and reminiscent of the houses once found in the Vietnamese northern delta region.

Ba Vi National Park takes about two hours to reach by car. The ride to the park can be a bit bumpy and it’s best avoiding the park in the rainy season when roads may be slippery – especially the hiking trails. The road leading to the summit’s car park is very steep and narrow although efforts to widen the road are on-going.

Following the end of the August Revolution in 1945, The Hanoi Opera House reverted from entertaining the French elite to becoming the centre of major historical events including the first session of the National Assembly of the Republic. The Hanoi building went into a state of decline prior to being renovated and brought up to date in 1997 which included the installation of state-of-the-art equipment and the renewal of some of the interior decorations.

These improvements returned the opera house to its former glory which now sees international artists including violinist Hilary Hahn and pianist Wolfgang Glemser take to the stage in addition to home-grown talent. Vietnamese entertainers perform songs, classical music, dance, drama and contemporary performances from superstars such as singer My Linh. The Hanoi Opera House offers a superb setting in which to see any live show. The stage is three metres high and there are three storeys in total so a wonderful experience is guaranteed regardless of your seating arrangements.

The Hanoi Opera House is located near Hoan Kiem Lake on August Revolution Square. There are superb views of the opera house at the Hilton Opera House hotel which is very close by.

You will need to purchase tickets to see the inside of the opera house although there are usually a host of concerts to choose from including drama, ballet and symphonies in addition to opera. The Hanoi Opera House is also the first choice for international meetings and conferences so check online when you are visiting to ensure a performance is scheduled.

The Temple of Literature is a place of study rather than a religious landmark. There are five courtyards at the temple, two brimming with landscaped gardens, the third is home to a large pond known as the Well of Heavenly Clarity, the fourth courtyard is called the Sage Courtyard and features a statue of Confucius and a house of ceremonies, and the last courtyard is Thai Hoc in which stands a large drum and bell tower. This historic site is ranked as one of Hanoi’s most important cultural places and is steeped in Vietnamese history.

The layout of the temple is based upon the birthplace of Confucius with a magnificent main entrance and a path, once reserved solely for the king, running through the centre. The immaculate gardens are rich in ancient trees and are considered a serene place in which students can relax. There are stone statues and inscriptions dotted throughout the temple which has retained many of its original features as the most renowned landmark of academia in Vietnam.

The Temple of Literature is a short stroll from Ba Dinh Square and is also close to the Presidential Palace and Vietnam Fine Arts Museum. The temple is between Ton Duc Thang Street and Van Mieu Street which is about 2km west of Hoan Kiem Lake.

When on holiday in Hanoi, Vietnam, let your imagination guide you rather than your itinerary. History buffs will adore the city's many past lives. Hop onto a Vespa and spend a few days absorbing historical sites. The Tran Quoc Pagoda is said to offer the most astonishing sunsets in the world. The one pillared structure was built in the sixth century, and forms part of a Buddhist temple surrounded by watery landscaping. It houses a Bodhi tree that grew from a cutting taken from the original Indian tree under which Buddha attained enlightenment. The Vietnam Women’s Museum honours the contributions female citizens have made over time politically, ethnically and artistically. The city also has museums paying tribute to Hanoi's artistic, literary and military heritage. The Old Quarter has a 2000 year history which is beautifully demonstrated through its architecture. A walk through its bustling marketplaces, cafes and stalls is the ideal way to experience local gastronomy.  The Old Quarter has effortlessly linked the ancient and modern worlds through relics, art and cuisine, which are best observed at a lazy pace on foot. Participating in street trade places you in the midst of a tradition that has existed in this particular web of streets for a thousand years.

Hanoi's legends are as prominent as its real world history. The Hoan Kiem lake is home to a legend in which a turtle deity stole an emperor's enchanted sword. It was later reclaimed and used to defeat the Chinese Ming dynasty. Ironically, the lake is one of the few ecosystems supporting a critically endangered soft shell turtle species. Today, the lake attracts daily joggers, chess fiends and newlyweds seeking panoramic photographic backdrops.  Ha Long Bay is home to a legendary gathering of jewel-breathing dragons, which were sent by the gods to defend the land against invaders. Temples naturally attract a substantial number of legends, giving tours an element of enchantment. The Tower of Hanoi's legend tells of the temple's priests who were assigned a mathematical puzzle when time began. According to myth, when the puzzle was solved, the world would disappear. One of the most charming ways to learn about local legends is through the traditional art of Water Puppetry. These shows encourage the spirits to bring rich harvests. They depict short skits featuring dances by mythical creatures and tales of ancient village life. No holidays in Hanoi, Vietnam are complete without amusing encounters with this thousand year old tradition.

Hanoi, Vietnam holidays during the rainy seasons between January and September give travelers the opportunity to enjoy the atmospheric monsoons typical of the region. Between October and April, the arid season comes with cooler winter weather. Whilst summer and spring are the most dominant seasons, the transitional springs and autumns come with slight variations. Between February and April, the climate is a comfortable average of about 17 degrees Celsius. Naturalists are treated to lush landscapes and vibrant colors which form a vivid backdrop for the Tet festival. The beauty of autumn fills hotels in Hanoi, Vietnam with adoring couples seeking romantic backdrops for their personal love stories. Temperatures are slightly warmer between September and November, when Autumnal palettes paint the city in fiery oranges and yellows.

The most festive time to take a holiday in Hanoi, Vietnam is over the Tet holiday when the city becomes alive with festivities, food and sparkling lights. The lunar New Year brings streets to life, but it also draws hordes of visitors. Sedate travelers prefer to take a Hanoi, Vietnam holiday at any time except Tet, but travelers who are less easily intimidated love the electric atmosphere of the capital during February. This is the time to head to President Ho Chi Minh's Mausoleum and Ba Dinh Square, where decorations, performances and cultural displays are at their best. The Old quarter becomes filled with locals bustling between flower stalls in search of the perfect petals to decorate their homes with. Foodies adore the celebration for its amped up cuisine offerings at Hang Duong and Hang Buom.  An escape from the celebrations is best done in the company of Mother Nature, who demonstrates some of her finest creations at Van Long nature reserve. Overnight trips allow visitors to sleep under the canopy of the jungle. Bamboo boat tours let you explore the reserve, its primates and people. Hanoi, Vietnam hotels inside reserves give you a more luxurious way to enjoy the silence.

Hanoi's first world resorts, spas and hotels take autumnal romance to its greatest heights, which is only one of the reasons couples choose the capital as a wedding destination during its most beautiful season. The French architecture and cuisine contrast against the old and new world of Vietnam, creating the ultimate atmosphere for honeymooners. Patisseries, cafes and spas in the French Quarter offer all the first world luxury a couple could wish for in a village that is a sedate and welcome break from the usual bustle of the Old Quarter. Foodies in search of Michelin stars find their temptations in the capital, since it is renowned as Vietnam's finest gastronomical experience. Liquor, cakes and teas receive their flavour from blooms and spices. Jasmine, lotus and chrysanthemum offer delicate fragrances to Hanoian dishes.

Cooler temperatures and the absence of rain make winter the perfect season for staying at a Hanoi, Vietnam hotel close to the extreme natural landscapes of Pu Luong Nature Reserve. This highly diverse stretch links ethnic villages, rice paddies and cultural minorities with rocky pathways and mountain ranges. Fit travelers with a penchant for adventure will find ample extreme slopes to mountain bike across in the Mekong Delta. Those who prefer to tackle mountains on foot take on the slopes between Hin Village and Canh Nang Town. The Red River makes for cultural kayaking, taking you to several minority villages on a trip that can extend into weeks.

Summer's naked sun and electric storms create a milieu that seems to necessitate a level of luxury and proximity to the coast. When seeking a luxurious hotel Hanoi, Vietnam offers some of its finest high end accommodation at Halong Bay. Beach goers are naturally attracted to the islands along the bay, which offer many deserted stretches of pristine sand and coastline away from the bustling Bai Chay area. Sung Sot Cave transports travelers into a fantastical environment beneath the ground. A clear pond in the depths of the cave allow for kayaking and swimming in a mysterious 'royal garden.' .Those who are happiest beneath the sea will find some of the most teeming marine populations at Long Chau Island. A traditional Junk boat adds a dash of exoticism to undersea adventures.

Shows at this modern theatre are performed in a pool of water as the stage for the puppets. The puppets are controlled by no more than eight puppeteers hiding behind a bamboo screen. The renowned Thang Long Water Puppet show is considered to be one of the cultural highlights of Northern Vietnam dating back to a tradition that first started in the Red River Delta.

Today’s performances usually include a number of short sketches rather than one long story, taking the audience on a journey of ancient village life, agricultural harvests and dances of mythical creatures. Most shows also feature the famous Legend of the Restored Sword of King Le which tells the tale of Hoan Kiem Lake and the giant tortoise. The live music plays an integral part of the show with singers often shouting words of encouragement to the puppets.

Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Hanoi with tickets selling out well in advance so it’s worth booking yours as soon as you arrive in town. It is also advisable to pay more to get closer to the action as the theatre seats a few hundred people and the puppets are not that big. The theatre is modern and usually shows 17 short sketches over a one-hour performance.

Started in 1973, the construction of the mausoleum was modeled on Lenin's mausoleum in Russia and was first open to the public in 1975. The granite building meant a great deal for many locals as it ensures that their beloved leader ‘lives on forever’.

Security is tight and visitors should dress with respect (no shorts, sleeveless shirts and miniskirts) and everyone has to deposit their bags and cameras before getting in. Visitors are not allowed to stop and hold the constant queue up as the place is constantly busy. Uncle Ho’s remains are sent yearly to Russia for maintenance therefore the mausoleum is closed usually from October onwards. It’s best to recheck with your hotel tour desk before visiting. Admission is free but donations are accepted.

The entrance to the vast and mysterious Perfume Pagoda and Huong Tich Cave resembles that of an open dragon’s mouth and is decorated in ancient Chinese letters which translate to ‘first grade cave of the South World’, this writing dates back to 1770.

Inside the cave are many statues carved from green stone which decorate an intricate shrine, including one of Lord Buddha and another of the Buddhist goddess Quan Am. Smooth stalactites and stalagmites also fill the cave which are constantly touched by pilgrims believing them to deliver miracles and good luck. You will find the temple very cool inside and also very busy especially during the days of the Chua Huong festival which lasts from January to April.

It’s well worth taking time to stop and enjoy the view en-route to the temple as the scenery is very interesting, dotted with fruit trees including apricots and medicinal herbs grown by local farmers. Other temples to see within the complex include the Vong Temple, Thuyet Kinh Cave and Thien Son Pagoda.

The journey to the Perfume Pagoda is itself an interesting experience. Located about 60km southwest of Hanoi in the Huong Son Mountain range you will need to take a car for around two hours before boarding a wooden or iron boat to reach the temple complex.

The boat journeys down a narrow flowing steam fringed by rice fields, temples and grass and you will have the option to stop and visit some of these temples. However, if you are short of time its best to head straight to Huong Tich Cave. It’s an uphill walk to the Perfume Pagoda which will take around one hour and things can get slippery, so remember to bring walking shoes or boots.

Ngoc Son Temple was built in the 18th century on Jade Island in the centre of the ‘Lake of the Returned Sword’ or Hoan Kiem Lake. Legend describes how an emperor was once given a magical sword which helped him defeat the Chinese Ming Dynasty and in doing so saw the return of the Golden Turtle God to the lake.

Today ‘Turtle Tower’ stands close to the lake in memory of this legend. There are also endangered large soft-shell turtles swimming in the lake, and to see one of these gentle giants is considered very auspicious. The name of the temple translates to ‘Temple of the Jade Mountain’ and is predominately dedicated to war hero General Tran Hung Dao who defeated an armed force of 300,000 soldiers sent by Mongolian Emperor Kublai Khan in the 13th century to invade Vietnam.

Also inside the pagoda are a large bronze bust and other deities. There are altars dedicated to Tran Hung Dao, some ancient artefacts including ceramics and a preserved specimen of a giant turtle found in the lake weighing 250kg.

The lake and the temple offer plenty of trees and shaded spots in which to escape the busy city streets. To get there head towards the old town and the main post office which is located next to the lake. Tickets are purchased at a booth located on the left-hand side before you cross the bridge. The temple opens at 08:00 and closes at 17:00 every day and its best to get to the lake as early as possible to watch the locals do their morning yoga and Tai Chi. To get to the temple, walk across the flag-lined bright red Huc Bridge across to Jade Island.

Packed with charming colonial architecture, Buddhist temples and pagodas, the Old Quarter, located near Hoan Kiem Lake in Hoan Kiem District, is Hanoi’s major commercial district. Its heart and soul is exposed in the ancient commercial streets which are named after their original businesses dating back about 1,000 years. Though most of the specialties (cotton, jewellery, herbs, and silk) have changed over time and have been replaced with a variety of modern-day commodities and services, visitors can still appreciate some of the original goods as well as get a feel of rich old Vietnamese customs.

The preserved shop-houses that lie along these roads were built a little over a century ago and were constructed in their long and narrow style to avoid being hit by high taxes. Each has a street-facing façade and multiple courtyards inside. The front part of the buildings is where trading takes place while the family occupies the rest. Though one shop-house was meant to be for one family (with many generations in it), nowadays it is more common to see quite a few families jammed in under one roof. Expect to find plenty of hip café, bars, a variety of restaurants, bakeries, boutique shops and art galleries in this historical area.

Many of Hanoi’s major attractions are within or nearby the Old Quarter, including Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi Opera House, National Museum of Vietnamese History, Ba Dinh Square, a former Governor-General of French Indochina’s mansion, the One Pillar Pagoda, Bach Ma Temple, Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre and Dong Xuan, Hanoi’s largest market.

In Vietnam, French baguettes and coffee have something very much in common with pho rice noodles as the locals consume them in massive amounts daily, so they’re sold everywhere. Food choices in general are good and dishes come at cheap to affordable prices no matter where you prefer to dine.

When in the mood for the real deal (cha ca, banh goi and pho are among the top of the list) try out one of the many street stalls around the Old Quarter. You will be surprised by how delicious simple dishes taste.

Other parts of Hanoi might quiet down at night but the Old Quarter is where night owls head to. Live music, discos, clubs and bars as well as decent karaoke joints are the norm here.

Though the numbers might be limited compared to other large Asian cities, what’s on offer here is well enough to keep people from all walks of life happy and university students, office staff and expats are among the friendly crowds.

The Old Quarter is a shopper’s delight and houses artistic products from around the country, fashioned by many top artists and craftsmen. Popular items that make fine souvenirs include lacquer ware, silk products, embroidered fabrics and bags, conical hats, coffee beans and paintings.

Remember to negotiate with a smile when shopping in Vietnam (though goods here are already quoted at cheap to affordable prices) as shops and salespeople expect bargaining by customers. Don’t be shy.

Must-do number one in the Old Quarter is to have a look around this, the oldest neighborhood in the city. With a history dating back to about the 13th century, the vibe and energy here is definitely unique. Must-do number two is to stop by at any local tea and coffee café that provides chairs to sit outdoors (many times ‘outdoors’ here means sitting right on the sidewalk.) This is considered the best place to observe the world go by in the Old Quarter.

For those who love cooking and Vietnamese food, combine them together and learn from the professionals at one of the many culinary classes around.

Originally created as a hill station during the French Colonial era, Ba Vi National Park has always been an excellent source of medicinal plants for the Dao ethnic group. Walking and hiking opportunities are popular in this area of lush tropical foliage with plenty of forest trails and mountain slopes. In addition there is also a bird garden and an orchid garden, although the main attraction is the temple.

It takes about 30 minutes of hard climb to make it to the temple but you are additionally well rewarded with panoramic views of the Red River Valley and beyond. The outlook is best from April through to December when even Hanoi can be seen in the distance. The national park offers lodging at Tan Da Spa Resort where you can experience hot springs, mud baths, wet steam baths and herbal baths for individuals, couples or families. The resort is built in the style of an ancient palace and reminiscent of the houses once found in the Vietnamese northern delta region.

Ba Vi National Park takes about two hours to reach by car. The ride to the park can be a bit bumpy and it’s best avoiding the park in the rainy season when roads may be slippery – especially the hiking trails. The road leading to the summit’s car park is very steep and narrow although efforts to widen the road are on-going.

Following the end of the August Revolution in 1945, The Hanoi Opera House reverted from entertaining the French elite to becoming the centre of major historical events including the first session of the National Assembly of the Republic. The Hanoi building went into a state of decline prior to being renovated and brought up to date in 1997 which included the installation of state-of-the-art equipment and the renewal of some of the interior decorations.

These improvements returned the opera house to its former glory which now sees international artists including violinist Hilary Hahn and pianist Wolfgang Glemser take to the stage in addition to home-grown talent. Vietnamese entertainers perform songs, classical music, dance, drama and contemporary performances from superstars such as singer My Linh. The Hanoi Opera House offers a superb setting in which to see any live show. The stage is three metres high and there are three storeys in total so a wonderful experience is guaranteed regardless of your seating arrangements.

The Hanoi Opera House is located near Hoan Kiem Lake on August Revolution Square. There are superb views of the opera house at the Hilton Opera House hotel which is very close by.

You will need to purchase tickets to see the inside of the opera house although there are usually a host of concerts to choose from including drama, ballet and symphonies in addition to opera. The Hanoi Opera House is also the first choice for international meetings and conferences so check online when you are visiting to ensure a performance is scheduled.

The Temple of Literature is a place of study rather than a religious landmark. There are five courtyards at the temple, two brimming with landscaped gardens, the third is home to a large pond known as the Well of Heavenly Clarity, the fourth courtyard is called the Sage Courtyard and features a statue of Confucius and a house of ceremonies, and the last courtyard is Thai Hoc in which stands a large drum and bell tower. This historic site is ranked as one of Hanoi’s most important cultural places and is steeped in Vietnamese history.

The layout of the temple is based upon the birthplace of Confucius with a magnificent main entrance and a path, once reserved solely for the king, running through the centre. The immaculate gardens are rich in ancient trees and are considered a serene place in which students can relax. There are stone statues and inscriptions dotted throughout the temple which has retained many of its original features as the most renowned landmark of academia in Vietnam.

The Temple of Literature is a short stroll from Ba Dinh Square and is also close to the Presidential Palace and Vietnam Fine Arts Museum. The temple is between Ton Duc Thang Street and Van Mieu Street which is about 2km west of Hoan Kiem Lake.

Living in the concrete jungles that we do, we rarely get to appreciate how beautiful planet Earth truly is. You will have no such troubles during your holiday in Halong Bay. The Bay is littered with 1,600 limestone islands and islets and covers an area of over 1,500 SQ km. The most popular of these islands is the Cat Ba Island. The island consists of rugged sandy beaches and dense jungles. The island's popularity has led to the construction of many hotels, bars, and restaurants. But one thing that will become very evident during your holiday in Halong Bay is how untouched Cat Ba's rich natural splendor remains. The locals of Cat Ba Island have not let the influx of tourists influence their daily lives. They still do what they have done for thousands of years for their livelihoods, fish. Dau Be Island is a swimmer’s paradise. With three inland lakes and rich corals and deep grottoes which make it perfect for diving, Dau Be Island is favorite of the travelers. The luscious greenery on the islands serve as habitat for a rare and diverse range of animals such as the golden-headed langur monkey. Halong Bay, with its picturesque setting, is undoubtedly a photographers dream.

Dau Be Island is also home to caves which can only be accessed at low tide via rowing boats. Caves can also be found on the Bo Hon Island. Pelican Caves are popular among the tourists on Bo Hon Island. Also on Bo Hon Island is the most famous of all of Halong Bay's caves, the Virgin Cave. The Virgin Cave is a tourist hotspot thanks to the presence of a shrine that legend dictates belonged to a girl who had committed suicide on the island. One of Halong Bay's chief attractions is the floating houses. Locals have been living and fishing off of these floating houses for decades. Tourists can arrange to stay on these houses on the water.

Since it is a Bay consisting of hundreds of islands, there are many boat tours on offer for tourists on a holiday in Halong Bay. Tourists are encouraged to spend at least one night on a boat. This leads to a more special perspective on the magnificence of Halong Bay. You can stop on any particular island in the Bay and go for a swim. Or maybe hone your diving and snorkeling skills. There is something heavenly in being in the water of Halong Bay with rolling hills serving as the background for as far the eye can see. Tourists can go trekking through the forests present on the islands as well. There are various trekking routes available which provide visitors with an up-close and personal look at many of the animals on the islands. You can even take a bicycle trip around the islands and visit traditional villages like the Viet Hai Village. The Cat Ba Island Resort and Spa has a water park which is great fun for the family during their holiday in Halong Bay. It is the only one of its kind in Vietnam.

When you are on a tropical island, you will find fish to be a constant in all the local dishes. Majority of the restaurants in Halong Bay are beach front and serve mostly seafood. You will find your fair share of Chinese and Vietnamese restaurants as well. One of the top restaurants in Halong Bay is the floating restaurant on Cat Ba Island. Enjoy your meal that is freshly caught from the water and cooked in front of you for your satisfaction.  Recently, many international cuisines have become widely available in Halong Bay. Nightlife in Halong Bay is far from being a crazy scene bursting with energy. But, one can easily take in the breathtaking setting of the Bay at night on a boat or sitting in any of the beachside restaurants. All this makes your holiday in Halong Bay all the more interesting.

From May to September, the weather here is hot, humid, and windy. Halong Bay is unique as it has two monsoons. As a result, it is very windy and then there is the constant rain. Halong Bay receives an annual 1832mm of rainfall, 85 percent of which is falls during this season. Halong Bay is one of the most humid cities in Vietnam, with humidity going as far up as 90 percent. Despite the incessant rainfall, temperatures in Halong Bay soar up to the mid30s during the rainy season. This time of the year is best avoided. Although, if you are willing to risk it, ticket prices are the cheapest during this period.

If you are looking to get the most out of your holiday in Halong Bay, then the dry season is definitely your best bet. Dry season witnesses the least amount of rainfall in Halong Bay. In fact, the rainfall during the dry season only amounts to 12 percent of the total rainfall that Halong Bay receives in a year. November marks the beginning of the dry season. Though temperatures, for the most part, remain in the mid20s, January is awfully cold as the temperature can go as low as 5 degrees. Of course, the temperature then rises as we approach April of the following year. It is worth noting that Halong Bay's geographical location ensures that there is a very low chance of a tropical thunderstorm hitting this part of the world. As this is the peak season, tickets are a bit on the expensive side. But, once you get to Halong Bay, it is completely worth it.

These families have lived in this village for generations. They go about their daily lives, oblivious to the buzz surrounding the Heritage site of Ha Long Bay. Living far away from the bustling tourist attractions, the people at Vong Vieng is friendly and all smiley to curious visitors. It is interesting to take part in the making of fishing nets and processing fishes. The rambunctious children make up one third of the local population and their presence livens up the quiet fishing life.

Once you’ve set food on the peaceful village of Vong Vieng, be sure to stay over night for the exciting communal activities which only unfold in the evening. Under the majestic moonlight, tourists sit on woven bamboo boats beside the crackling fire, breathe fresh air, listen to folk song duets, drop flower garlands and coloured lanterns for luck and watch the fishermen catching marine products. If you’re lucky to arrive at Vong Vieng during the annual Ha Long Tourism Week, you’re welcome to participate in the fishing village festival. Exciting activities vary from folk song singing contest, culinary competition, swimming competition and boat handling competition etc.

Besides its natural beauty, Tien Ong Cave also draws attention from archaeological experts for containing stone artefact assemblages from Hoa Binh Culture that dated to 10000-2000 BCE. If you’re lucky to go with a knowledgeable and experienced guide, your trip will be even more eye-opening with fantastic history lessons of cave exploration. Tien Ong Cave was officially opened for tourism in 2010, satisfying both Ha Long Bay enthusiasts and archaeology buffs.

As the largest fishing village in Ha Long Bay, Cua Van has a population of 733 in 176 households. They live on floating houses and call fishing their bread and butter. Cua Van can be considered the “wealthiest” village in Ha Long Bay. Their floating houses look spacious and clean. The well-off families even have tiled roof houses with radios, television sets, tables and chairs, etc.


When thinking about Ha Long Bay, the image that frequently crosses people’s minds is the surreal breathtaking mountains rising from the emerald green water. But Ha Long Bay is not all about world-class caves and grottos. There are local people who go about their daily lives with an optimistic attitude. Visiting the village, tourists have a chance to experience the villagers’ daily life as well as the traditional culture and customs of the fishermen, the often overlooked main characters of the World Heritage Area of Halong Bay. Observing the making of fish nets and fishing is good lesson for kids and an interesting experience for adults from other cultural backgrounds. Looking at the small boats driven by tiny oars going to school, the radiant faces of the children, and their rambunctious calling, one feels confident in a bright future for the fishing village.

In recent years, the locals at Cua Van village have been more engaged in the tourism industry in Ha Long Bay. Aside from fishing, many families also offer homestay and participate in environment awareness campaign. It’s no wonder why Cua Van has become a tourist attraction and has been present in the itinerary of almost all tourist agencies.

As you walk down the path to explore the cave, you cannot help the endless imagination and association of these formations with real life figures such as tortoise, dragon, sword. So let the imagination soar! A visit to Sung Sot cave is included in most cruise so you know you won't miss it.

There are not yet many tours delivered, the beach remains pristine, and residents are more local fishermen than tourism service workers. Among all cruises deliver tours to Halong Bay, a few anchor in BaiTu Long such as Santa Maria, Dragon Pearl and White Dolphin. These are smaller boats, offering a less luxury but definitely more tranquil feel as one tour the Bay.

Hue was founded as the capital of Vietnam in 1802 and retained its position till 1945. One of the main reminders of Hue's historical significance is the Imperial City. Inspired by Beijing's Forbidden City, the Imperial City is a complex of monuments that once served as the home to members of the Nguyen Dynasty. Though the Vietnam War had left some of the magnificent structures in danger of being completely destroyed, they have subsequently been restored. During your Hue Holiday you will also come across centuries-old pagodas, shrines, a library, and multiple royal tombs. Chief among the royal tombs are the tombs of Emperor Minh Mang and Emperor Tu Duc. The Ngo Mon Gate of the imperial city which once was exclusively used by the royal family and their servants is another impressive monument. The museum inside one of the old buildings has exhibits depicting the near two-century reign of the Nguyen Dynasty. The entire site, located on the banks of the Huong River is simply stunning and a must visit during your holiday in Hue.

Hue holidays are not just about medieval monuments. 40 kilometers away from Hue is the Bach Ma Nature Park, a paradise for nature-lovers. Situated in the Annamite Range, Bach Ma National Park covers an area of about 37,487 hectares. The park is renowned for its biodiversity to the point that it is often referred to as "The Centre of flora diversity in Vietnam". Bach Ma Nature Park is also home to Sao La, a kind of antelope that ranks among the rarest mammals on Earth. Bach Ma offers a whole range of activities for tourists on holiday in Hue. You can go trekking through the thick vegetation, camp in the jungle or simply wander through it and take in the beauty of all of Bach Ma's flora and fauna. The Do Quyen Fall allows you the unique opportunity to abseil down the steep fall or go swimming in the pool below. Holidays in Hue are a real treat for birdwatchers – the Bach Ma National Park is home to over 358 species of birds, many of which can only be found in this region.

The Van Canh Hill is just 7 kilometers from Hue's center. On the base of the Perfume River, the 43 meter high hill provides a magnificent view of the tombs that are near to the hill and the city of Hue itself.  Some of the tombs in the surrounding area are of Dong Khanh's, Thieu Tri's, and those of several Queens. The Hon Chen Temple, where the locals worship Y-A-Na Goddess and Lieu Hanh Goddess, is on the opposite side. The villages on the bank of the river, such as Huong Ho and Hai Ca with their fruit gardens, are well worth a visit during your Hue holiday in Vietnam. You can get to Van Canh Hill by bike or car. Once you get there, it is recommended you see the sunset over the Perfume River- it is a sight you will never forget.

The most famous of Hue's pagodas is the Thien Mu Pagoda. Built in 1844, it features golden images of Buddha at its base, along with a big bell cast made in 1710, and a stone turtle holding a marble stele inscribed in the 17th century. The Temple of Literature lies close to the Imperial City. The temple is in honor of Confucius and his beliefs. On the banks of the Perfume River, the temple was built in 1908 and has undergone several restorations since then. The temple is beautiful and you will be left in awe by the brilliance of its architecture. The Voi Re Temple, Trieu Mieu, Hung Mieu, and Thai Mieu are other popular places of worship in Hue.

Hue Holidays may not offer much nightlife, but this is more than compensated for with its delicious food. In the era of Kings, the best chefs from all over the country used to come to Hue. While that may no longer be the case, the arrival of chefs from different regions in the past has given rise to a cuisine that is a mix of many kinds of flavors, spices, and textures. Hue cuisine was once referred to as the food of the Kings and while the kings may be long gone, the food has remained. Head over to restaurants such as the Lac Thien Restaurant to try Hue cuisine. If you do not find it to your liking, which is unlikely, restaurants like the excellent Mandarin Café serve a wide range of cuisines.

August marks the start of the rainy season which them comes to an end in January. Although the weather remains cool and comfortable during the rainy season with an average temperature near 20 degrees, the constant heavy rainfall makes the rainy season unsuitable for travel. Almost all the rain that Hue receives during the year falls during these few months, with October being the wettest month of the year. If you are willing to risk rain ruining your holiday plans, then ticket prices are usually lower during this time of the year and hotels are easily available.

Things really do start to heat up during the dry season which stretches from March to August. In spite of the high temperatures which can go as high up as 40 degrees, the dry season is undoubtedly the best time for holidays in Hue. Temperatures tend to be cooler between March and April. As a result, this tends to be the peak season with higher ticket prices and booked hotels. So, if you do plan to go on a holiday in Hue, remember to book everything well in advance. Also, keep in mind that the dry season does not completely rule out the chances of rain ruining your trip. But, rain is less infrequent during this time, thus making way for sunnier days. 

Situated in the Annamite Range, in central Vietnam and near Hue City, Bach Ma national park covers an area of about 37,487 hectare over there districts of Phu Loc, Nam Dong and Dong Giang. It’s quite easy to access Bach Ma National Park from Hue (40 km), Da Nang (65 km) and also Hoi An (90 km). This protected area was established in 1991 and consists of three zones: a strictly protected core, an administrative area and a buffer zone.

The national park features tropical climate with 2 distinctive seasons: dry one and rainy one. It is regarded as one of the wettest place in Vietnam, where the weather can easily change from sunshine to tropical rain just within hours. The summit area is always cooler, thanks to its high altitude. Therefore it’s also called “Dalat of Central Vietnam”.

As being the bio geographical border between northern and southern Vietnam and having a wide variety of habitats, the park is well-known for its biodiversity. Some people consider Bach Ma as “The Centre of flora diversity in Vietnam”, as it represents around one-fifth of the entire flora of the country. The forest also possesses a precious source of over 500 species which serve as medicinal plants. Besides, this is where people can luckily see “Sao la” (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis) - a type of antelope, exists only in Vietnam, first discovered in 1992 and may be one of the rarest mammals on the planet.

Bach Ma will not fail you in a single bit in terms of activities. One can camp, trek, rappel or simply wander through the jungle to discover the beauty of Bach Ma’s flora and fauna. At Do Quyen Fall (Rhododendrun Fall,) adventurers have chance to thrillingly abseil down the upper section of the fall. Or else, visitors can walk down to the bottom of the falls to catch the whole fantastic view of the fall and spend more time swimming in the stream.

Nature lovers, especially those who are eager for bird-watching would find Bach Ma a real paradise on the ground. The 358 species of birds in the park account for more than one-third of the bird species of Vietnam, including the fabulous crested argus pheasant and the tenacious Edwards’ pheasant (the symbol of Bach Ma National Park) – unseen and thought to be extinct for 50 years. Numerous bird species like pigeons, bulbuls, malkohas, crow pheasant, herons and egrets but sights of parakeets, kingfishers or jungle fowl are worth adding to tourists’ bird-watching collection.

Tourists are advised to visit Bach Ma National Park on February, when famous red Rhododendron simsii blossom along small streams and in particular at the bottom of the Rhododendron waterfall. During that period of time, the weather is ideally dry with favorable temperatures. In addition, summer is tourism season as people want to escape the heat, from June to August.

Just 43m high, the hill is located 7km from Hue centre, with its foot lying next to slowly flowing Perfume River. On the way to Tu Duc Tomb, there’s a hill called Vong Canh, which at first seems to be quite normal amongst other famous sightseeing spots of Hue. However, tourists shouldn’t miss this spot, for it has been regarded as the best place to catch a panoramic view of the Perfume River. This can easily be seen from its name: “Vong” means watch, observe; “Canh” means scene.

This surrounding area is filled up with royal tombs of not only King Tu Duc but also Dong Khanh’s, Thieu Tri’s and several Queens’. Combined with that complex of royal monuments is Hon Chen Temple (a place that local people worship Y-A-Na Goddess and Lieu Hanh Goddess) on the opposite site, Vong Canh is an ideal place to picture an ancient but magnificent Hue.

Moreover, viewers are often seduced by the villages stretching along the river banks: Huong Ho, Hai Cat, Ngoc Ho, etc. with fruit gardens under the shades of pine trees, corn field, small boats sliently skimming and then drawing several lines on the tranquil water surface. From sunrise to sunset, the soft-silk-strip Perfume River charms bystanders by the atmosphere that it brings to the life surrounding. Vong Canh Hill overlooks the marvelous and elaborate modifications of the water colors upon various nuances of sunlight and sky.

The hill itself is now covered with pine trees and daisy. Once, there was a purpose-built watching tower on the top of the hill, though only parts of its foundation remain until today. Besides, Water plant Van Nien – which is the oldest in Central Vietnam and an Oriental-styled building designed by a French architecture, just 300m from Vong Canh, is also worth a visit.

It’s recommended that when coming to Vong Canh, just follow the indication: watch the scene! It may have nothing to be entertaining but for ones who are looking for natural beauty and calmness, that’s perfect enough.

In Hue, the old capital of Vietnam, the Temple of Literature (so-called Van Mieu Hue or Van Thanh) majestically lies on the bank of Perfume River, to the west of the Citadel, just about 1km from prestigious Linh Mu pagoda. The south-facing monument was built in 1908 during the reign of King Gia Long, on the top of the hill. Over the years afterwards, the temple has gone through several major restoration works.

The remaining of the complex consists of about 50 architectural works, the biggest of which is the worshiping hall of Confucius. Outside at the main gate of the Temple, by the riverside, there are four tall and majestic pillars. There are a large sign hung high above, with the words “Dao Tai Luong Gian” (The principles in the world) and “Trac Viet Thien Co” (Higher than ever before) written. After going past the gate, we would see several small houses where kings and mandarins would stop by to prepare their outfits before going inside to attend the ceremony. At the front there are two rows of 32 preserved steles bearing the names of 239 successful candidates in National Examinations organized through the Nguyen Dynasty. Although the monument has been damaged during the war as French troops once used it as barrack, main temple and especially the steles still remain.

Today, people visitting the Temple of Literature can see a unique symbol of Vietnam educational system during the feudal times. The construction of the temple as well as the placement of the doctors' steles shows everlasting respect to the country’s talented people and invaluable traditions of culture and education.

That's why Nam, Giao Esplanade was built by King Gia Long after being crowned, in Duong Xuan Village, south of Hue City. It was started constructing on 25th March, 1806. At the beginning of 1807, its first God worship ceremonies were held there. Among several offering terraces of previous dynasties, Nguyen's is the only one that still exists until today.

The open-air monument obviously reflects the old misconception of people about the universe (circular heavens and square earth), follows the principles of Yin and Yang and also represents 5 elements of the nature: Metal, Wood, Water, Fire and Earth (in order: Kim, Moc, Thuy, Hoa, Tho).

As well, the esplanade is designed to symbolize oriental theory of 3 agents: Heaven, Earth, Man (Thien, Dia, Nhan respectively). Each is represented by one terrace with distinctive color and shape: circular blue heaven, square yellow earth. The bottom terrace is square and red-painted which stands for Man, as there is a phrase “red child” (xich tu – con do) to call the normal people. The top terrace (Heaven) is the place to hold offering ceremonies to God, Earth and Nguyen Dynasty’s ancestors and also called Vien dan. The middle one (Tung dan) is for worshipping the Sun, Moon, Stars, Cloud, Rain, Wind, Lightning, Year and Month, Mountain, Ocean, River, Lagoon, Lake, etc. and all other kinds of holy spirits throughout Vietnam. The last terrace is where to offer sacrifice.

Along with the main esplanade, there are several other building sites to support the offering ceremony like “Trai cung” (where the king stays before the ceremony), “Than tru” (the kitchen to prepare sacrifice), “Than kho” (the warehouse to place ceremony’s tools).

In the past, Nam Giao Esplanade was surrounded by a thick basalt wall which has been destructed. Pine trees were also planted around, as Emperor Minh Mang has followed his father’s tradition and asked all his sons and mandarins to plant their own pines with their name card on it and take care of their own trees.

Nam Giao Esplanade plays a very important role in religious and political life of Nguyen Dynasty. It took the Protocol and Administration Ministries many months to prepare for the ceremony. Before the sacrifice offering day, all villages and communal in Thua Thien-Hue had to complete making triumphal arches, to put alters on both sides of the route where the Emperor would pass by from Ngo Mon Noon gate to Trai Cung. During the ceremony, big flags with different colors were hung on all four doors of the esplanade: black flags on the north door, blue on the east, red on the south and white on the west. The kings often had to operate the ceremony on his owns. In case he wasn’t capable, his son or one of his mandarins would be ordered to take this task. Today, visitors can come here to understand about the religious and political belief of Oriental feudal society in general and Nguyen Dynasty in particular, which is completely different from that of Western people.

The site is open for tourists all the time, but it’s highly recommended to get there when the ceremony is held. The royal ceremony is especially often restored on the occasion of Hue Festival (in 2002, 2004 and 2006 already), to pray for a peaceful country and prosperous people. This is a particular performance you can’t find anywhere else. Similar ceremony will be held again in Festival Hue 2012, which will take place on April.

Being the first and also the oldest high school in Vietnam, originally Quoc Hoc (National high school) was the school for children from royal and noble families. On the site that used to be former squadron headquarter - a royal navy headquarters, French colonialists built this school to train those who would serve the feudal colonial government. Therefore, at that time, French was the main subject for students and the school’s gate was titled “Phap tu Quoc Hoc truong mon” (French National High School’s Gate). Now it’s named Hue National High School and is a high-profile school that all students must pass a competititve entrance exam to get the admission.

Established in 1896, after more than 100-year history, Quoc Hoc today is still a well-maintained French colonial-style construction. The school is a complex of five blocks of classrooms, big football field, basketball court, five badminton courts, a swimming pool, a medium stadium and also a block of dormitory. It’s considered the largest and also the most beautiful high school campus in Vietnam. This surrounding makes a great picture of red French designed building in harmony with green background of a lot of large shady trees and stone benches. Especially in spring, when “diep anh dao” (a kind of cherry blossoms) is in bloom, the whole picture is filled with pinky dots above red thatched tile. Students often call that period of time “Pinky cloud season” and regard it as the most special moments of a year. These are the reasons why Quoc Hoc is also called “Pinky school beside Perfume River Bank” in the song with the same name. Lucky if one has a chance to drop by the school during that season.

Not only is Quoc Hoc famous for its charming scene, it also gains prominence for tradition of patriotism, industriousness, academic achievements and respect for the time-honored values of teacher-student relationships. Several Vietnam political leaders have been learning here, including: Nguyen Tat Thanh (President Ho Chi Minh), General Vo Nguyen Giap, Prime Minister Pham Van Dong, etc. In addtion, the school is famed for its students who are well-known poets (Xuan Dieu, Huy Can, To Huu, Luu Trong Lu etc.), scientists (Ta Quang Buu, Ton That Tung, Dang Van Ngu, etc.), musicians (Tran Hoan, Chau Ky, , Nguyen Van Thuong, etc.) or sculptor Diem Phung Thi and so on. The school also has students getting high prize in many International Competitions.

Tourists who want to visit Quoc Hoc High School should remember that the school doesn’t allow entrances during class’s time, which ends at 5.15 p.m. everyday (though it might be easier to go through the two side gates, in fact). What’s more, the students are very eager to talk to foreigners, especially English speakers and French speakers. That’s the place for those who want to take photos of natural background, understand more about French colonial architecture and watch female students in white aodai, sparkling in the nice background. Quoc Hoc Highschool on the east bank of Perfume river, near Trang Tien bridge of Hue city.

Dong Ba is the biggest commercial center of Thua Thien Hue Province and the adjacent regions. It stands along the north bank of Huong River, on Tran Hung Dao Street of Hue City and stretches from Trang Tien Bridge to Gia Hoi Bridge. Before the opening of Dong Ba Market, there was a grand market named Qui Gia Thi outside of Chanh Dong Gate in the reign of King Gia Long. The name Qui Gia Thi referred to the return of Nguyen Dynasty to Phu Xuan (Hue nowadays). In the summer of 1885, the capital city was attacked and Qui Gia Thi Market was burned to ashes. Not until 1887 did King Dong Khanh rebuild the market and rename it as Dong Ba Market. Since then, the market has functioned as the main resource of food for the palaces, hospitals, army camps and dormitories of the national universities such as Quoc Hoc, Dong Khanh, Binh Linh, Thien Huu, etc. in 1899, during the Western-style reconstruction project of King Thanh Thai, the market was moved to the nowadays position. Even though Dong Ba Market has undergone several projects since the beginning of the 20th century, nowadays, it still embraces many old features.

When visiting Dong Ba Market, tourists can easily spot the old bell tower standing proudly amidst the complex of buildings. With nine new buildings and four new sections ranging from seafood to clothes, the market reaches an area of up to 16,000 m2.

However, the architecture is not really a highlight but the atmosphere and the daily pace of the market itself. Similar to most of Vietnamese markets, this one is divided into different sections, depending on the types of products. The whole floor upstair is for garment and clothes.

All of the most special cultural gifts and souvenirs of Thua Thien Hue that remain until today can be found in Dong Ba Market. They include “non la bai tho” (conical hats having poems woven into their design) from Phu Cam Village, which is made of latanier leaves; me xung (candies), Truoi berries, Tuan tea, tom chua (Hue Sour Shrimp), lotus seed of Tinh Tam Lake, etc. Traditional food such as mussel rice, beef vermicelli, leaves cakes, etc. can be purchased in the market, too.

It’s said that Dong Ba Market is where people can get most of Hue’s delicious dishes within a place – its food courts, and at a high quality standard. Don’t miss these street vendors on the ground of the market (under the stair). They’re really worth a try.

Nowadays, Dong Ba Market still holds an important position in the economy and trade of the city, though many supermarkets have been established. Apart from providing food and other goods for the cities, it’s also a must-stop of visitors to discover typical trading methods as well as buying some specialities of the local people.
Read more about Shopping in Hue.

Bargain, bargain and bargain! It’s the first tip at Dong Ba Market that even local residents have to apply. Few sellers can speak English fluently, but it doesn’t matter since they can say the number and use the calculator. Start bargaining from half the price, especially if you’re foreigners. Buying in bulk will help visitors when dealing with the sellers. If one’s lucky and good at bargaining, Dong Ba Market can offer the best price since Hue’s cost of living is quite cheap. You can learn more about bargaining in Vietnam here.

The market begins at early in the morning. From about 3.00 AM, some sellers, especially of food stalls, have to arrive at the market. Interestingly, the morning market is a special scene, where people buying and selling in the dim light and the silence, freshness of the city. At this time, local residents can purchase freshest food at a lower price. The market opens all day long, till 8.30 PM.

The average number of consumers visiting the market daily is 5000 – 7000 people and can double during big holidays. On these occasions, visiting the market is really exciting since the scene of trading is very busym though tourists must be aware of pickpocketing. Also, avoid coming there on the first day of the Lunar New Year since a very few shops are opened. Normal operations often fully restart after the third day of the New Year.

The pagoda is located at the end of Kim Long Road, in Huong Long Ward, on the northern bank of the Perfume River. There are many legends about Thien Mu Pagoda (also known as Linh Mu Pagoda). Once upon a time, local residents saw an old lady in red appear every night on top of the hill. She foretold that: one day, the Lord would pass by and build something of great importance. From then on, the hill was named Thien Mu Son (Mountain of Lady from Heaven). When Lord Nguyen Hoang actually went pass the hill, he heard the legend and decided to build a pagoda and named it Thien Mu. Having gone through a lot of eventful phase, damages as well as renovations, today the pagoda still exists and remains the unofficial symbol of the ancient city Hue.

As tourists approach the pagoda, what seizes their attention first is the seven-storey octagonal tower named Phuoc Duyen Tower (formerly Tu Nhan Tower). Built in mid-19th century by King Thieu Tri, the tower was to commemorate the 80th birthday anniversary of his grandmother.

Passing the 3-door gate are 12 huge wooden sculptures of fearsome temple guardians and then in the middle of the area is where Dai Hung Palace – the main sanctuary of Thien Mu Pagoda, is located. Here, Buddha is worshipped with impressive sculptures and a giant bell, measuring 2.5m in height and 2 tons in weight, created since early 18th century. Fragrant incense smoke fills the air there all day long, making the praying for blessings calm and peaceful.

A building near the rear of the complex houses a national relic: the car which carried the monk Thich Quang Duc to the intersection of Phan Dinh Phung and Le Van Duyet streets in Saigon on June 11th 1963, where he burned himself to death in opposition to the anti-religion policy of Saigon’s regime at that time. Coming to this prestigious sightseeing, visitors can enjoy both the scenery landscape and the typical traditional architecture of Hue pagodas. Thanks to its high position upward a charming curve of Perfume River, the pagoda offers a mind-boggling view of both the flow and the surrounding areas. Covered with pine trees, bonsai and delicate manmade pond, this religious site brings about a peaceful feeling which is hard to find anywhere else.

The site opens daily from early in the morning till 5PM. It’s suggested that tourists should come here early in the morning to see the fresh beginning of daily activities in the pagoda, or at sunset when the sky and the river combines to create a picturesque scene. On special occasions such as 15th of April and July of Lunar Calendar or at Tet Holiday, the pagoda is more crowded and has several unique ceremonies that visitors may be interested in. These are also the time when visitors can have the most traditional and delicious vegetarian food in the city. Tourists can freely join these meals.

Located in a narrow valley in Duong Xuan Thuong Village, 8km from Hue City, Tu Duc Tomb is considered as one of the most beautiful and picturesque and largest works of architecture of Nguyen Dynasty’s royal palaces and tombs. People say that Tu Duc Tomb is a must in every tour to Hue City.

The tomb was constructed between 1864 and 1867. The construction of Tu Duc’s tomb requires an incredible amount of money and labour, thus resulted in a rebellion of workers. Therefore, the tomb was renamed as Khiem Lang, in comparison with the former name: Van Nien Co (expresses the wish to be permanent). In addition, all the constructions’ names were changed to bear the word Khiem (Modesty) in their names, as the king wanted to express his humility.

It was the place where he could retreat from the Citadel to compose poetry or go hunting because the monument was finished when the king was still in reign. The design of the tomb is said to clearly reflect the profound knowledge and romance of the king’s characteristics.

A glance at the tomb can create the illusion of a scenic park, packed with lakes, hills, pavilios amidst the lushness of frangipani trees and grove of pines. It’s surrounded by a solid octagonal wall. A few notable sites in the temple area inside the tomb can be listed as Luu Khiem Lake, Tinh Khiem Island, Xung Khiem Pavilion, Hoa Khiem Temple (which commemorated the King and the Queen). Hoa Khiem Temple is a small museum of the King’s life: a mirror used by the King’s concubines; a lock gifted by the French; the funerary tablets of the emperor and empress. As the tomb also functions as a home away from home, there is even a royal theatre inside the complex, named Minh Khiem Duong. The theatre is a reflection of Tu Duc’s poetic soul, with the ceiling carved with stars, clouds, crescent moon and sky. Today, perfomances are not shown in this theatre but in Xung Khiem Ta (near Luu Khiem Lake).

The remaining part is the tomb area, consisting of the Honour Courtyard, the Stele Pavilion and the seplucre. The Stele Pavilion of this tomb is known as the biggest one in Vietnam, in which the king has inscribed about his life by himself.

Coming to Tu Duc Tomb, tourists may feel like they’re lost in a huge scenery park, where the old monuments of old feudal time are harmoniously in tune with the natural atmosphere.

The suggested means of transport to travel to Tu Duc Tomb is by motorbike, car or even bikes. This site can be included in a tour from Khai Dinh Tomb and Tu Hieu Pagoda. Remember to wear comfortable shoes as visiting this tomb means a lot of walking.

Minh Mang Tomb is in Huong Tho Commune, Huong Tra District, on the west bank of Perfume River and about 12km south of Hue City center. This place is where 2 tributaries join to form the picturesque Perfume River.

The tomb was started constructing in 1840 under the order of King Minh Mang. After his death in 1841, King Thieu Tri continued the task, according to his father’s plan. The monument was finally completed 2 years later.

Touted as the most majestic of all Nguyen Dynasty royal tombs, Minh Mang Tomb is a complex of 40 constructions: palaces, temples, pavilions, etc. Many said that it’s a perfect combination of manmade and natural beauty of Hue, where architecture fits harmoniously into the surrounding landscape.

It’s designed as a symmetric axis (called Than Dao) running from the Great Red Gate to the foot of the Surrounding Wall behind the King’s tomb. Apart from this gate at the center, there are 2 other gates: the Left Rad Gate and the Right Red Gate, which led to the Honour Courtyard – where two rows of mandarins, elephants and horse’s stone statues are standing. At the other side of the 3 gates, on Mount Phung Than is the square Stele Pavilion, where the stele “Thanh Duc Than Cong” inscribed with the King’s biography and merits written by his son, is placed. Sung An Temple, where King Minh Mang and his wife are worshipped, can be accessed through Hien Duc Gate. There are 3 stones bridges on the other side of this temple, with the marble one reserved only for the king. Finally, the Hoang Trach Gate heads to the Minh Lau Pavilion. It is placed on top of three terraces representing heaven, earth and water. Closer to the tomb area, the New Moon Lake (Ho Tan Nguyet) is crescent-shaped and embraces the circular wall surrounding the grave (Buu Thanh)

Looking from afar, the complex looks like a human being with the hill as his pillow and his hands and feet reaching to the river. From the front gate to the back door is almost 700m. The fence is high but does not block the view to mountains and Cam Ke Hill nearby.

After his ascendancy to throne in 1916, Emperor Khai Dinh chose the slope of Chau Chu (Chau E) Mountain, which is 10km from Hue center, to construct his “home in the other world” – according to Oriental belief. It was started bulding in 1920 and completed 11 years later, by his successor – Emperor Bao Dai.

In order to complete the tomb, the rulers had to raise national tax to 30%. By then Vietnam sovereignty was lost to French invaders and Western culture was prevailing all over the country. Consequently Khai Dinh tomb is the result of the intermingling of Oriental and Occidental, Roman and Gothic style, Hindu and Buddhist style, as well as ancient and modern features. It’s also known as Ung Lang.

Despite being the smallest, Khai Dinh Tomb is the most recent and costly amongst other Nguyen royal tombs. Khai Dinh chose to build his tomb by modern materials like concrete, slates and wrought iron, hence its appearance is quite gray and imposing.

At first, the main building brings about a strong Western feel, however, the landscape was arranged to reflect traditional perceptions: a balanced combination between wood, land, water and plants. Overall, it’s an emerging rectangular structure with 127 steps, leaning against the mountain. The side walls are formed by the biggest sculptures of dragons in all over Vietnam. After climbing upstairs, tourists can first see the house of epitaph. The statues of madarines court (including madarines, horses, soldiers...) are placed at the courtyard.

The most notable place in Khai Dinh Tomb is Thien Dinh Palace, which contains bronze statues and steles of the King. Walls are densely decorated and inlaid with elaborate glass and porcelain designs. The most highlighted feature of this room is the intricate painting on the ceiling, illustrating nine dragons amidst fleeting clouds. Inside the tomb, there are two statues modelled the King: the one on the throne was sculptured in Paris in 1920 by Ducuing and Barbedienne.

All tourist sites in here are opened all year long. Entrance fee is even free on big holidays such as the first of Lunar New Year and National Day (September 2nd). Khai Dinh Tomb opens from 7.30AM to 5.00AM.

Gia Long tomb is a bit further away from Hue downtown area. One can go by boat along the perfume river about 18km and land at the wharf of the tomb. The land where the tomb was built to  Huong Tho commune, Huong Tra district, Hue.

The tomb does not only host King Gia Long but also contains a large group of tombs for the King’s family and relatives. Those tombs were built over 17th and 19th century and recognized as one of UNESCO World Heritages.

Speaking of the King and Queen tomb alone, they were built over a period of time that saw the come and leave of three different kings. Gia Long is the most distant tomb compared with other emperors’ tombs but it is the most scenic and impressive with regard to natural landscape. There is no complicated building nor extravagant palace. The tomb complex was fenced by mountains and hills.The steles for King and Queen are parallel and share the same size. On top of the steles are coal-black roof. The simple yet elegant steles are said to symbolize and love and loyalty of the King and the Queen in war and peace.

Though being the most distant tomb in comparison with those of other kings, Gia Long Tomb is the most scenic and impressive with regard to natural landscape of boundless mountains, pine forests and paths among grass and wild flowers. There’s no complicated building or extravagant palace but a complex fenced by 42 mountains and pine hill, named after the biggest mountain of the complex: Dai Thien Tho.

The tomb is divided into 3 main parts. In the middle stand the tombs of the King and Queen. After the Honour court and up on the hill top is Buu Thanh, containing symbol of happiness and longevity. On the right of the complex is Minh Thanh Temple, where the King and his wife are honoured. Formerly, here’s the place to display artefacts related to the king’s military life. On the left is a stele pavilion, with 2 parallel coal-black roof steles for the couple. Those simple yet elegant stles are said to symbolize the love and loyalty of them throughout war and peace. However, due to war and time, only the left stele remains.

There’re 2 ways to reach Gia Long Tomb, which is really a remote spot, even for local people. One is travelling by boat along Perfume River, which can be taken at the wharf at city downtown. The boat trip is really worth a try, since it provides a unique chance to capture the scenic landscape of upstream Perfume River.

The other method is to go 16km by car or motorbike to Kim Ngoc Wharf (from Thieu Tri Tomb, go along the riverside road for about 3km) and take the boat there. It’s more convenient if tourists take motorbike as the boat can carry them along to the site. However, the road is not in very good condition. In case of travelling by car, people have to walk for some kilometers (depends on where the boat lands them).

The tomb was situated near Cu Si Hamlet, now Thuong Hai Village, Thuy Xuan Commune, Hue City. It’s only 5km from the city center. The construction of Dong Khanh Tomb met with many obstacles, prolonged over 35 years and 4 kings.

Also an adopted son of King Tu Duc, King Dong Khanh was sworn to throne by the French colonists. After being crowned, he ordered to build a temple called Truy Tu Temple inside the tomb of his father – Kien Thai Vuong. Since he didn’t expect himself to pass away at the age of 25 (3 years after taking power), he did not plan for his tomb. When King Thanh Thai continued the kingship, the country was at an unstable phase of development thus King Dong Khanh also was worshipped in Truy Tu Temple, which was then renamed as Ngung Hy Temple. His corpse was buried simply on a hill named "Ho Thuan Son", 30m to the west of Ngung Hy Temple. The whole tomb area was called Tu Lang. The building process had to be halted many times and most of the construction work was only completed under the reign of Khai Dinh – Dong Khanh’s son, in 1917.

The complicated history of building resulted in a mix of influence in this monument’s architecture. One of the most notable sites in the complex is Ngung Hy Temple - a twin mansion typical of Hue Citadel but backed by a third house, which makes it into a triplet complex. The temple is well-equipped with typical royal furniture and calligraphy. Besides the traditional aspects, Ngung Hy also opened up to a new era of arts inspired by both Western and Eastern traits. Remarkably, there were 24 drawings illustrating the Chinese story named “Nhi thap tu hieu” - 24 examples of filial sons and daughters.

On the contrary, the tomb area’s design was almost influenced by Western style, from its architectural peculiarities or decorative models to the building materials. The Stele Pavilion was constructed with cement, tile bricks and bricks instead of stone.

Hue was founded as the capital of Vietnam in 1802 and retained its position till 1945. One of the main reminders of Hue's historical significance is the Imperial City. Inspired by Beijing's Forbidden City, the Imperial City is a complex of monuments that once served as the home to members of the Nguyen Dynasty. Though the Vietnam War had left some of the magnificent structures in danger of being completely destroyed, they have subsequently been restored. During your Hue Holiday you will also come across centuries-old pagodas, shrines, a library, and multiple royal tombs. Chief among the royal tombs are the tombs of Emperor Minh Mang and Emperor Tu Duc. The Ngo Mon Gate of the imperial city which once was exclusively used by the royal family and their servants is another impressive monument. The museum inside one of the old buildings has exhibits depicting the near two-century reign of the Nguyen Dynasty. The entire site, located on the banks of the Huong River is simply stunning and a must visit during your holiday in Hue.

Hue holidays are not just about medieval monuments. 40 kilometers away from Hue is the Bach Ma Nature Park, a paradise for nature-lovers. Situated in the Annamite Range, Bach Ma National Park covers an area of about 37,487 hectares. The park is renowned for its biodiversity to the point that it is often referred to as "The Centre of flora diversity in Vietnam". Bach Ma Nature Park is also home to Sao La, a kind of antelope that ranks among the rarest mammals on Earth. Bach Ma offers a whole range of activities for tourists on holiday in Hue. You can go trekking through the thick vegetation, camp in the jungle or simply wander through it and take in the beauty of all of Bach Ma's flora and fauna. The Do Quyen Fall allows you the unique opportunity to abseil down the steep fall or go swimming in the pool below. Holidays in Hue are a real treat for birdwatchers – the Bach Ma National Park is home to over 358 species of birds, many of which can only be found in this region.

The Van Canh Hill is just 7 kilometers from Hue's center. On the base of the Perfume River, the 43 meter high hill provides a magnificent view of the tombs that are near to the hill and the city of Hue itself.  Some of the tombs in the surrounding area are of Dong Khanh's, Thieu Tri's, and those of several Queens. The Hon Chen Temple, where the locals worship Y-A-Na Goddess and Lieu Hanh Goddess, is on the opposite side. The villages on the bank of the river, such as Huong Ho and Hai Ca with their fruit gardens, are well worth a visit during your Hue holiday in Vietnam. You can get to Van Canh Hill by bike or car. Once you get there, it is recommended you see the sunset over the Perfume River- it is a sight you will never forget.

The most famous of Hue's pagodas is the Thien Mu Pagoda. Built in 1844, it features golden images of Buddha at its base, along with a big bell cast made in 1710, and a stone turtle holding a marble stele inscribed in the 17th century. The Temple of Literature lies close to the Imperial City. The temple is in honor of Confucius and his beliefs. On the banks of the Perfume River, the temple was built in 1908 and has undergone several restorations since then. The temple is beautiful and you will be left in awe by the brilliance of its architecture. The Voi Re Temple, Trieu Mieu, Hung Mieu, and Thai Mieu are other popular places of worship in Hue.

Hue Holidays may not offer much nightlife, but this is more than compensated for with its delicious food. In the era of Kings, the best chefs from all over the country used to come to Hue. While that may no longer be the case, the arrival of chefs from different regions in the past has given rise to a cuisine that is a mix of many kinds of flavors, spices, and textures. Hue cuisine was once referred to as the food of the Kings and while the kings may be long gone, the food has remained. Head over to restaurants such as the Lac Thien Restaurant to try Hue cuisine. If you do not find it to your liking, which is unlikely, restaurants like the excellent Mandarin Café serve a wide range of cuisines.

August marks the start of the rainy season which them comes to an end in January. Although the weather remains cool and comfortable during the rainy season with an average temperature near 20 degrees, the constant heavy rainfall makes the rainy season unsuitable for travel. Almost all the rain that Hue receives during the year falls during these few months, with October being the wettest month of the year. If you are willing to risk rain ruining your holiday plans, then ticket prices are usually lower during this time of the year and hotels are easily available.

Things really do start to heat up during the dry season which stretches from March to August. In spite of the high temperatures which can go as high up as 40 degrees, the dry season is undoubtedly the best time for holidays in Hue. Temperatures tend to be cooler between March and April. As a result, this tends to be the peak season with higher ticket prices and booked hotels. So, if you do plan to go on a holiday in Hue, remember to book everything well in advance. Also, keep in mind that the dry season does not completely rule out the chances of rain ruining your trip. But, rain is less infrequent during this time, thus making way for sunnier days. 

Situated in the Annamite Range, in central Vietnam and near Hue City, Bach Ma national park covers an area of about 37,487 hectare over there districts of Phu Loc, Nam Dong and Dong Giang. It’s quite easy to access Bach Ma National Park from Hue (40 km), Da Nang (65 km) and also Hoi An (90 km). This protected area was established in 1991 and consists of three zones: a strictly protected core, an administrative area and a buffer zone.

The national park features tropical climate with 2 distinctive seasons: dry one and rainy one. It is regarded as one of the wettest place in Vietnam, where the weather can easily change from sunshine to tropical rain just within hours. The summit area is always cooler, thanks to its high altitude. Therefore it’s also called “Dalat of Central Vietnam”.

As being the bio geographical border between northern and southern Vietnam and having a wide variety of habitats, the park is well-known for its biodiversity. Some people consider Bach Ma as “The Centre of flora diversity in Vietnam”, as it represents around one-fifth of the entire flora of the country. The forest also possesses a precious source of over 500 species which serve as medicinal plants. Besides, this is where people can luckily see “Sao la” (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis) - a type of antelope, exists only in Vietnam, first discovered in 1992 and may be one of the rarest mammals on the planet.

Bach Ma will not fail you in a single bit in terms of activities. One can camp, trek, rappel or simply wander through the jungle to discover the beauty of Bach Ma’s flora and fauna. At Do Quyen Fall (Rhododendrun Fall,) adventurers have chance to thrillingly abseil down the upper section of the fall. Or else, visitors can walk down to the bottom of the falls to catch the whole fantastic view of the fall and spend more time swimming in the stream.

Nature lovers, especially those who are eager for bird-watching would find Bach Ma a real paradise on the ground. The 358 species of birds in the park account for more than one-third of the bird species of Vietnam, including the fabulous crested argus pheasant and the tenacious Edwards’ pheasant (the symbol of Bach Ma National Park) – unseen and thought to be extinct for 50 years. Numerous bird species like pigeons, bulbuls, malkohas, crow pheasant, herons and egrets but sights of parakeets, kingfishers or jungle fowl are worth adding to tourists’ bird-watching collection.

Tourists are advised to visit Bach Ma National Park on February, when famous red Rhododendron simsii blossom along small streams and in particular at the bottom of the Rhododendron waterfall. During that period of time, the weather is ideally dry with favorable temperatures. In addition, summer is tourism season as people want to escape the heat, from June to August.

Just 43m high, the hill is located 7km from Hue centre, with its foot lying next to slowly flowing Perfume River. On the way to Tu Duc Tomb, there’s a hill called Vong Canh, which at first seems to be quite normal amongst other famous sightseeing spots of Hue. However, tourists shouldn’t miss this spot, for it has been regarded as the best place to catch a panoramic view of the Perfume River. This can easily be seen from its name: “Vong” means watch, observe; “Canh” means scene.

This surrounding area is filled up with royal tombs of not only King Tu Duc but also Dong Khanh’s, Thieu Tri’s and several Queens’. Combined with that complex of royal monuments is Hon Chen Temple (a place that local people worship Y-A-Na Goddess and Lieu Hanh Goddess) on the opposite site, Vong Canh is an ideal place to picture an ancient but magnificent Hue.

Moreover, viewers are often seduced by the villages stretching along the river banks: Huong Ho, Hai Cat, Ngoc Ho, etc. with fruit gardens under the shades of pine trees, corn field, small boats sliently skimming and then drawing several lines on the tranquil water surface. From sunrise to sunset, the soft-silk-strip Perfume River charms bystanders by the atmosphere that it brings to the life surrounding. Vong Canh Hill overlooks the marvelous and elaborate modifications of the water colors upon various nuances of sunlight and sky.

The hill itself is now covered with pine trees and daisy. Once, there was a purpose-built watching tower on the top of the hill, though only parts of its foundation remain until today. Besides, Water plant Van Nien – which is the oldest in Central Vietnam and an Oriental-styled building designed by a French architecture, just 300m from Vong Canh, is also worth a visit.

It’s recommended that when coming to Vong Canh, just follow the indication: watch the scene! It may have nothing to be entertaining but for ones who are looking for natural beauty and calmness, that’s perfect enough.

In Hue, the old capital of Vietnam, the Temple of Literature (so-called Van Mieu Hue or Van Thanh) majestically lies on the bank of Perfume River, to the west of the Citadel, just about 1km from prestigious Linh Mu pagoda. The south-facing monument was built in 1908 during the reign of King Gia Long, on the top of the hill. Over the years afterwards, the temple has gone through several major restoration works.

The remaining of the complex consists of about 50 architectural works, the biggest of which is the worshiping hall of Confucius. Outside at the main gate of the Temple, by the riverside, there are four tall and majestic pillars. There are a large sign hung high above, with the words “Dao Tai Luong Gian” (The principles in the world) and “Trac Viet Thien Co” (Higher than ever before) written. After going past the gate, we would see several small houses where kings and mandarins would stop by to prepare their outfits before going inside to attend the ceremony. At the front there are two rows of 32 preserved steles bearing the names of 239 successful candidates in National Examinations organized through the Nguyen Dynasty. Although the monument has been damaged during the war as French troops once used it as barrack, main temple and especially the steles still remain.

Today, people visitting the Temple of Literature can see a unique symbol of Vietnam educational system during the feudal times. The construction of the temple as well as the placement of the doctors' steles shows everlasting respect to the country’s talented people and invaluable traditions of culture and education.

That's why Nam, Giao Esplanade was built by King Gia Long after being crowned, in Duong Xuan Village, south of Hue City. It was started constructing on 25th March, 1806. At the beginning of 1807, its first God worship ceremonies were held there. Among several offering terraces of previous dynasties, Nguyen's is the only one that still exists until today.

The open-air monument obviously reflects the old misconception of people about the universe (circular heavens and square earth), follows the principles of Yin and Yang and also represents 5 elements of the nature: Metal, Wood, Water, Fire and Earth (in order: Kim, Moc, Thuy, Hoa, Tho).

As well, the esplanade is designed to symbolize oriental theory of 3 agents: Heaven, Earth, Man (Thien, Dia, Nhan respectively). Each is represented by one terrace with distinctive color and shape: circular blue heaven, square yellow earth. The bottom terrace is square and red-painted which stands for Man, as there is a phrase “red child” (xich tu – con do) to call the normal people. The top terrace (Heaven) is the place to hold offering ceremonies to God, Earth and Nguyen Dynasty’s ancestors and also called Vien dan. The middle one (Tung dan) is for worshipping the Sun, Moon, Stars, Cloud, Rain, Wind, Lightning, Year and Month, Mountain, Ocean, River, Lagoon, Lake, etc. and all other kinds of holy spirits throughout Vietnam. The last terrace is where to offer sacrifice.

Along with the main esplanade, there are several other building sites to support the offering ceremony like “Trai cung” (where the king stays before the ceremony), “Than tru” (the kitchen to prepare sacrifice), “Than kho” (the warehouse to place ceremony’s tools).

In the past, Nam Giao Esplanade was surrounded by a thick basalt wall which has been destructed. Pine trees were also planted around, as Emperor Minh Mang has followed his father’s tradition and asked all his sons and mandarins to plant their own pines with their name card on it and take care of their own trees.

Nam Giao Esplanade plays a very important role in religious and political life of Nguyen Dynasty. It took the Protocol and Administration Ministries many months to prepare for the ceremony. Before the sacrifice offering day, all villages and communal in Thua Thien-Hue had to complete making triumphal arches, to put alters on both sides of the route where the Emperor would pass by from Ngo Mon Noon gate to Trai Cung. During the ceremony, big flags with different colors were hung on all four doors of the esplanade: black flags on the north door, blue on the east, red on the south and white on the west. The kings often had to operate the ceremony on his owns. In case he wasn’t capable, his son or one of his mandarins would be ordered to take this task. Today, visitors can come here to understand about the religious and political belief of Oriental feudal society in general and Nguyen Dynasty in particular, which is completely different from that of Western people.

The site is open for tourists all the time, but it’s highly recommended to get there when the ceremony is held. The royal ceremony is especially often restored on the occasion of Hue Festival (in 2002, 2004 and 2006 already), to pray for a peaceful country and prosperous people. This is a particular performance you can’t find anywhere else. Similar ceremony will be held again in Festival Hue 2012, which will take place on April.

Being the first and also the oldest high school in Vietnam, originally Quoc Hoc (National high school) was the school for children from royal and noble families. On the site that used to be former squadron headquarter - a royal navy headquarters, French colonialists built this school to train those who would serve the feudal colonial government. Therefore, at that time, French was the main subject for students and the school’s gate was titled “Phap tu Quoc Hoc truong mon” (French National High School’s Gate). Now it’s named Hue National High School and is a high-profile school that all students must pass a competititve entrance exam to get the admission.

Established in 1896, after more than 100-year history, Quoc Hoc today is still a well-maintained French colonial-style construction. The school is a complex of five blocks of classrooms, big football field, basketball court, five badminton courts, a swimming pool, a medium stadium and also a block of dormitory. It’s considered the largest and also the most beautiful high school campus in Vietnam. This surrounding makes a great picture of red French designed building in harmony with green background of a lot of large shady trees and stone benches. Especially in spring, when “diep anh dao” (a kind of cherry blossoms) is in bloom, the whole picture is filled with pinky dots above red thatched tile. Students often call that period of time “Pinky cloud season” and regard it as the most special moments of a year. These are the reasons why Quoc Hoc is also called “Pinky school beside Perfume River Bank” in the song with the same name. Lucky if one has a chance to drop by the school during that season.

Not only is Quoc Hoc famous for its charming scene, it also gains prominence for tradition of patriotism, industriousness, academic achievements and respect for the time-honored values of teacher-student relationships. Several Vietnam political leaders have been learning here, including: Nguyen Tat Thanh (President Ho Chi Minh), General Vo Nguyen Giap, Prime Minister Pham Van Dong, etc. In addtion, the school is famed for its students who are well-known poets (Xuan Dieu, Huy Can, To Huu, Luu Trong Lu etc.), scientists (Ta Quang Buu, Ton That Tung, Dang Van Ngu, etc.), musicians (Tran Hoan, Chau Ky, , Nguyen Van Thuong, etc.) or sculptor Diem Phung Thi and so on. The school also has students getting high prize in many International Competitions.

Tourists who want to visit Quoc Hoc High School should remember that the school doesn’t allow entrances during class’s time, which ends at 5.15 p.m. everyday (though it might be easier to go through the two side gates, in fact). What’s more, the students are very eager to talk to foreigners, especially English speakers and French speakers. That’s the place for those who want to take photos of natural background, understand more about French colonial architecture and watch female students in white aodai, sparkling in the nice background. Quoc Hoc Highschool on the east bank of Perfume river, near Trang Tien bridge of Hue city.

Dong Ba is the biggest commercial center of Thua Thien Hue Province and the adjacent regions. It stands along the north bank of Huong River, on Tran Hung Dao Street of Hue City and stretches from Trang Tien Bridge to Gia Hoi Bridge. Before the opening of Dong Ba Market, there was a grand market named Qui Gia Thi outside of Chanh Dong Gate in the reign of King Gia Long. The name Qui Gia Thi referred to the return of Nguyen Dynasty to Phu Xuan (Hue nowadays). In the summer of 1885, the capital city was attacked and Qui Gia Thi Market was burned to ashes. Not until 1887 did King Dong Khanh rebuild the market and rename it as Dong Ba Market. Since then, the market has functioned as the main resource of food for the palaces, hospitals, army camps and dormitories of the national universities such as Quoc Hoc, Dong Khanh, Binh Linh, Thien Huu, etc. in 1899, during the Western-style reconstruction project of King Thanh Thai, the market was moved to the nowadays position. Even though Dong Ba Market has undergone several projects since the beginning of the 20th century, nowadays, it still embraces many old features.

When visiting Dong Ba Market, tourists can easily spot the old bell tower standing proudly amidst the complex of buildings. With nine new buildings and four new sections ranging from seafood to clothes, the market reaches an area of up to 16,000 m2.

However, the architecture is not really a highlight but the atmosphere and the daily pace of the market itself. Similar to most of Vietnamese markets, this one is divided into different sections, depending on the types of products. The whole floor upstair is for garment and clothes.

All of the most special cultural gifts and souvenirs of Thua Thien Hue that remain until today can be found in Dong Ba Market. They include “non la bai tho” (conical hats having poems woven into their design) from Phu Cam Village, which is made of latanier leaves; me xung (candies), Truoi berries, Tuan tea, tom chua (Hue Sour Shrimp), lotus seed of Tinh Tam Lake, etc. Traditional food such as mussel rice, beef vermicelli, leaves cakes, etc. can be purchased in the market, too.

It’s said that Dong Ba Market is where people can get most of Hue’s delicious dishes within a place – its food courts, and at a high quality standard. Don’t miss these street vendors on the ground of the market (under the stair). They’re really worth a try.

Nowadays, Dong Ba Market still holds an important position in the economy and trade of the city, though many supermarkets have been established. Apart from providing food and other goods for the cities, it’s also a must-stop of visitors to discover typical trading methods as well as buying some specialities of the local people.
Read more about Shopping in Hue.

Bargain, bargain and bargain! It’s the first tip at Dong Ba Market that even local residents have to apply. Few sellers can speak English fluently, but it doesn’t matter since they can say the number and use the calculator. Start bargaining from half the price, especially if you’re foreigners. Buying in bulk will help visitors when dealing with the sellers. If one’s lucky and good at bargaining, Dong Ba Market can offer the best price since Hue’s cost of living is quite cheap. You can learn more about bargaining in Vietnam here.

The market begins at early in the morning. From about 3.00 AM, some sellers, especially of food stalls, have to arrive at the market. Interestingly, the morning market is a special scene, where people buying and selling in the dim light and the silence, freshness of the city. At this time, local residents can purchase freshest food at a lower price. The market opens all day long, till 8.30 PM.

The average number of consumers visiting the market daily is 5000 – 7000 people and can double during big holidays. On these occasions, visiting the market is really exciting since the scene of trading is very busym though tourists must be aware of pickpocketing. Also, avoid coming there on the first day of the Lunar New Year since a very few shops are opened. Normal operations often fully restart after the third day of the New Year.

The pagoda is located at the end of Kim Long Road, in Huong Long Ward, on the northern bank of the Perfume River. There are many legends about Thien Mu Pagoda (also known as Linh Mu Pagoda). Once upon a time, local residents saw an old lady in red appear every night on top of the hill. She foretold that: one day, the Lord would pass by and build something of great importance. From then on, the hill was named Thien Mu Son (Mountain of Lady from Heaven). When Lord Nguyen Hoang actually went pass the hill, he heard the legend and decided to build a pagoda and named it Thien Mu. Having gone through a lot of eventful phase, damages as well as renovations, today the pagoda still exists and remains the unofficial symbol of the ancient city Hue.

As tourists approach the pagoda, what seizes their attention first is the seven-storey octagonal tower named Phuoc Duyen Tower (formerly Tu Nhan Tower). Built in mid-19th century by King Thieu Tri, the tower was to commemorate the 80th birthday anniversary of his grandmother.

Passing the 3-door gate are 12 huge wooden sculptures of fearsome temple guardians and then in the middle of the area is where Dai Hung Palace – the main sanctuary of Thien Mu Pagoda, is located. Here, Buddha is worshipped with impressive sculptures and a giant bell, measuring 2.5m in height and 2 tons in weight, created since early 18th century. Fragrant incense smoke fills the air there all day long, making the praying for blessings calm and peaceful.

A building near the rear of the complex houses a national relic: the car which carried the monk Thich Quang Duc to the intersection of Phan Dinh Phung and Le Van Duyet streets in Saigon on June 11th 1963, where he burned himself to death in opposition to the anti-religion policy of Saigon’s regime at that time. Coming to this prestigious sightseeing, visitors can enjoy both the scenery landscape and the typical traditional architecture of Hue pagodas. Thanks to its high position upward a charming curve of Perfume River, the pagoda offers a mind-boggling view of both the flow and the surrounding areas. Covered with pine trees, bonsai and delicate manmade pond, this religious site brings about a peaceful feeling which is hard to find anywhere else.

The site opens daily from early in the morning till 5PM. It’s suggested that tourists should come here early in the morning to see the fresh beginning of daily activities in the pagoda, or at sunset when the sky and the river combines to create a picturesque scene. On special occasions such as 15th of April and July of Lunar Calendar or at Tet Holiday, the pagoda is more crowded and has several unique ceremonies that visitors may be interested in. These are also the time when visitors can have the most traditional and delicious vegetarian food in the city. Tourists can freely join these meals.

Located in a narrow valley in Duong Xuan Thuong Village, 8km from Hue City, Tu Duc Tomb is considered as one of the most beautiful and picturesque and largest works of architecture of Nguyen Dynasty’s royal palaces and tombs. People say that Tu Duc Tomb is a must in every tour to Hue City.

The tomb was constructed between 1864 and 1867. The construction of Tu Duc’s tomb requires an incredible amount of money and labour, thus resulted in a rebellion of workers. Therefore, the tomb was renamed as Khiem Lang, in comparison with the former name: Van Nien Co (expresses the wish to be permanent). In addition, all the constructions’ names were changed to bear the word Khiem (Modesty) in their names, as the king wanted to express his humility.

It was the place where he could retreat from the Citadel to compose poetry or go hunting because the monument was finished when the king was still in reign. The design of the tomb is said to clearly reflect the profound knowledge and romance of the king’s characteristics.

A glance at the tomb can create the illusion of a scenic park, packed with lakes, hills, pavilios amidst the lushness of frangipani trees and grove of pines. It’s surrounded by a solid octagonal wall. A few notable sites in the temple area inside the tomb can be listed as Luu Khiem Lake, Tinh Khiem Island, Xung Khiem Pavilion, Hoa Khiem Temple (which commemorated the King and the Queen). Hoa Khiem Temple is a small museum of the King’s life: a mirror used by the King’s concubines; a lock gifted by the French; the funerary tablets of the emperor and empress. As the tomb also functions as a home away from home, there is even a royal theatre inside the complex, named Minh Khiem Duong. The theatre is a reflection of Tu Duc’s poetic soul, with the ceiling carved with stars, clouds, crescent moon and sky. Today, perfomances are not shown in this theatre but in Xung Khiem Ta (near Luu Khiem Lake).

The remaining part is the tomb area, consisting of the Honour Courtyard, the Stele Pavilion and the seplucre. The Stele Pavilion of this tomb is known as the biggest one in Vietnam, in which the king has inscribed about his life by himself.

Coming to Tu Duc Tomb, tourists may feel like they’re lost in a huge scenery park, where the old monuments of old feudal time are harmoniously in tune with the natural atmosphere.

The suggested means of transport to travel to Tu Duc Tomb is by motorbike, car or even bikes. This site can be included in a tour from Khai Dinh Tomb and Tu Hieu Pagoda. Remember to wear comfortable shoes as visiting this tomb means a lot of walking.

Minh Mang Tomb is in Huong Tho Commune, Huong Tra District, on the west bank of Perfume River and about 12km south of Hue City center. This place is where 2 tributaries join to form the picturesque Perfume River.

The tomb was started constructing in 1840 under the order of King Minh Mang. After his death in 1841, King Thieu Tri continued the task, according to his father’s plan. The monument was finally completed 2 years later.

Touted as the most majestic of all Nguyen Dynasty royal tombs, Minh Mang Tomb is a complex of 40 constructions: palaces, temples, pavilions, etc. Many said that it’s a perfect combination of manmade and natural beauty of Hue, where architecture fits harmoniously into the surrounding landscape.

It’s designed as a symmetric axis (called Than Dao) running from the Great Red Gate to the foot of the Surrounding Wall behind the King’s tomb. Apart from this gate at the center, there are 2 other gates: the Left Rad Gate and the Right Red Gate, which led to the Honour Courtyard – where two rows of mandarins, elephants and horse’s stone statues are standing. At the other side of the 3 gates, on Mount Phung Than is the square Stele Pavilion, where the stele “Thanh Duc Than Cong” inscribed with the King’s biography and merits written by his son, is placed. Sung An Temple, where King Minh Mang and his wife are worshipped, can be accessed through Hien Duc Gate. There are 3 stones bridges on the other side of this temple, with the marble one reserved only for the king. Finally, the Hoang Trach Gate heads to the Minh Lau Pavilion. It is placed on top of three terraces representing heaven, earth and water. Closer to the tomb area, the New Moon Lake (Ho Tan Nguyet) is crescent-shaped and embraces the circular wall surrounding the grave (Buu Thanh)

Looking from afar, the complex looks like a human being with the hill as his pillow and his hands and feet reaching to the river. From the front gate to the back door is almost 700m. The fence is high but does not block the view to mountains and Cam Ke Hill nearby.

After his ascendancy to throne in 1916, Emperor Khai Dinh chose the slope of Chau Chu (Chau E) Mountain, which is 10km from Hue center, to construct his “home in the other world” – according to Oriental belief. It was started bulding in 1920 and completed 11 years later, by his successor – Emperor Bao Dai.

In order to complete the tomb, the rulers had to raise national tax to 30%. By then Vietnam sovereignty was lost to French invaders and Western culture was prevailing all over the country. Consequently Khai Dinh tomb is the result of the intermingling of Oriental and Occidental, Roman and Gothic style, Hindu and Buddhist style, as well as ancient and modern features. It’s also known as Ung Lang.